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CONSEQUENCES OF THE INTRODUCTION OF INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES

consequences can be divided into three groups: ecological, economic and health .
Ecological consequences
transport processes of species often result in the alien species, both the ecosystem and receptor-faced new environmental situations for which they have not undergone a process of adaptation natural selection. Although many introduced species disappear, the persistence of some individuals may trigger a series of effects often difficult to predict. While extinction is a constant throughout the history of life extinctions caused by humans have a number of characteristics that make them different and undesirable. IAS are the first or the second cause of biodiversity loss, according to sources who shuffled probably different viewpoints. According to the IUCN Red Data Book, 2004, IAS are responsible for endangering the 5.4% of the species with some degree of threat (1284 of 23,675).
The ERA:
1. Can lead to displacement of native species.
2. IAS can hybridize with native species with the consequent genetic contamination.
3. IAS networks can alter the interaction between species in the community.
4. IAS can alter the conditions of the native ecosystem.


economic consequences The economic impacts caused by biological invasions, sometimes large. First, cause a loss in potential economic performance of human activities. This refers to losses in crop production and decreased survival, reproductive success and production of domestic animals and the reduction in the quantity or quality of extractive activities (shellfish, fish, etc.). Also often destroy food or other products stored. In addition, damage to infrastructure can be substantial: obstruction and destruction of pipelines or dams, silting and accumulation of organic matter and sediment retention, alteration and destruction of foundations or roads, etc.. This involves reducing secondary costs of energy production, the availability of water for irrigation or human consumption, etc. Fouling species pose, as well as disposal costs, economic loss for the detention of the vessel during operations fairing.
Secondly, it should be into account the cost of combating invasions. This includes all quarantine measures, early detection, control and eradication.
To all this must be added the difficulty of finding a match economic losses from invasive species such as the extinction of a species, habitat loss, the aesthetic value of an altered landscape, etc.

health and social consequences
Sometimes introduced species can be a reservoir of parasites and pathogens and transmit directly or indirectly (via a vector) to the native populations. Other times the species it is the invasive pathogen or parasite.
For example, raccoons (Procyon lotor ) are carriers of infectious diseases such rabies, distemper, feline and canine parvovirus, canine adenovirus and Aujeszky's disease, also known as pseudorabies. In addition, they also act as hosts for various parasites that cause diseases such as trypanosomiasis, coccidiosis and toxoplasmosis. Most animal populations in Europe are infected with raccoon roundworm, Baylisascaris procyonis. In Europe, the first case of human infection by this parasite occurred in 1991, from a raccoon home. This roundworm causes severe encephalitis, or even fatal, in a wide variety of birds and mammals, including humans. Humans can become infected through ingestion of soil particles or other materials contaminated with the feces of raccoons carrying eggs.